Command Line Interface

For proper usage and easy distribution of this configuration, webpack can be configured with webpack.config.js. Any parameters sent to the CLI will map to a corresponding parameter in the configuration file.

Read the installation guide if you don't already have webpack and CLI installed.

Commands

webpack-cli offers a variety of commands to make working with webpack easy. By default webpack ships with

Command	Alias	Description
Command Alias Description init c	c	Initialize a new webpack configuration
Command Alias Description migrate m	m	Migrate a configuration to a new version
Command Alias Description loader l	l	Scaffold a loader repository
Command Alias Description plugin p	p	Scaffold a plugin repository
Command Alias Description info i	i	Outputs information about your system and dependencies
Command Alias Description serve s	s	Run the webpack Dev Server

Flags

webpack-cli offers a variety of commands to make working with webpack easy. By default webpack ships with

Note: These are the flags with webpack v4, starting v5 CLI also supports core flags

Flag	Type	Description
Flag Type Description --entry string[]	string[]	The entry point(s) of your application e.g. ./src/main.js
Flag Type Description --config string[]	string[]	Provide path to a webpack configuration file e.g. ./webpack.config.js
Flag Type Description --config-name string[]	string[]	Name of the configuration to use
Flag Type Description --name string[]	string[]	Name of the configuration. Used when loading multiple configurations
Flag Type Description --color boolean	boolean	Enable colors on console
Flag Type Description --no-color boolean	boolean	Disables colors on console
Flag Type Description --merge boolean	boolean	Merge two or more configurations using webpack-merge e.g. -c ./webpack.config.js -c ./webpack.test.config.js
Flag Type Description --env string[]	string[]	Environment passed to the configuration when it is a function
Flag Type Description --progress boolean	boolean	Print compilation progress during build
Flag Type Description --help boolean	boolean	Outputs list of supported flags and commands
Flag Type Description --output-path string	string	Output location of the file generated by webpack e.g. ./dist
Flag Type Description --target string	string	Sets the build target
Flag Type Description --watch boolean	boolean	Watch for file changes
Flag Type Description --hot boolean	boolean	Enables Hot Module Replacement
Flag Type Description --no-hot boolean	boolean	Disables Hot Module Replacement
Flag Type Description --devtool string	string	Controls if and how source maps are generated.
Flag Type Description --prefetch string	string	Prefetch this request
Flag Type Description --json boolean, string	boolean, string	Prints result as JSON or store it in a file
Flag Type Description --mode string	string	Defines the mode to pass to webpack
Flag Type Description --version boolean	boolean	Get current version
Flag Type Description --stats boolean, string	boolean, string	It instructs webpack on how to treat the stats
Flag Type Description --no-stats boolean	boolean	Disables stats output
Flag Type Description --analyze boolean	boolean	It invokes webpack-bundle-analyzer plugin to get bundle information

Aliases

We've set certain aliases for commonly used flags to make it convenient to work with webpack.

Shortcut	Replaces
Shortcut Replaces -c --config	--config
Shortcut Replaces -m --merge	--merge
Shortcut Replaces -o --output-path	--output-path
Shortcut Replaces -t --target	--target
Shortcut Replaces -w --watch	--watch
Shortcut Replaces -h --hot	--hot
Shortcut Replaces -d --devtool	--devtool
Shortcut Replaces -j --json	--json
Shortcut Replaces -v --version	--version

Negated Flags

Flag	Description
Flag Description --no-color Disabled any color on the console	Disabled any color on the console
Flag Description --no-hot Disabled hot reloading if you have it enabled via your config	Disabled hot reloading if you have it enabled via your config
Flag Description --no-stats Disables any compilation stats emitted by webpack	Disables any compilation stats emitted by webpack

Core Flags

Starting CLI v4 and webpack v5, CLI imports the entire configuration schema from webpack core to alow tuning almost every property from the command line.

Here's the list of all the core flags supported by webpack v5 with CLI v4 - link

Usage

With configuration file

webpack [--config webpack.config.js]

See configuration for the options in the configuration file.

Without configuration file

webpack <entry> [<entry>] -o <output-path>

example

webpack --entry ./first.js --entry ./second.js --output-path /build

<entry>

A filename or a set of named filenames which act as the entry point to build your project. You can pass multiple entries (every entry is loaded on startup). If you pass a pair in the form <name>=<request>, you can create an additional entry point. It will be mapped to the configuration option entry.

<output>

A path for the bundled file to be saved in. It will be mapped to the configuration options output.path.

Example

If your project structure is as follows -

.
├── dist
├── index.html
└── src
    ├── index.js
    ├── index2.js
    └── others.js

webpack ./src/index.js -o dist

This will bundle your source code with entry as index.js, and the output bundle file will have a path of dist.

Hash: 07a1c2d056e28ff1cab2
Version: webpack 4.44.2
Time: 174ms
Built at: 10/10/2020
  Asset       Size  Chunks             Chunk Names
main.js  952 bytes       0  [emitted]  main
Entrypoint main = main.js
[0] ./src/index.js 30 bytes {0} [built]
[1] ./src/others.js 0 bytes {0} [built]

webpack ./src/index.js ./src/others2.js -o dist/

This will form the bundle with both the files as separate entry points.

Hash: fad168056241c7181505
Version: webpack 4.44.2
Time: 175ms
Built at: 10/10/2020
  Asset        Size  Chunks             Chunk Names
main.js  1010 bytes       0  [emitted]  main
Entrypoint main = main.js
[0] multi ./src/index.js ./src/others2.js 40 bytes {0} [built]
[1] ./src/index.js 30 bytes {0} [built]
[2] ./src/others.js 0 bytes {0} [built]
[3] ./src/others2.js 0 bytes {0} [built]

Default Configurations

CLI will look for some default configurations in the path of your project, here are the config files picked up by CLI.

If no mode is supplied via flags or config then this is the lookup order in increasing order

example - config file lookup will be in order of .webpack/webpack.config.development.js > webpack.config.development.js > webpack.config.js

'webpack.config',
'webpack.config.dev',
'webpack.config.development',
'webpack.config.prod',
'webpack.config.production',
'.webpack/webpack.config',
'.webpack/webpack.config.none',
'.webpack/webpack.config.dev',
'.webpack/webpack.config.development',
'.webpack/webpack.config.prod',
'.webpack/webpack.config.production',
'.webpack/webpackfile',

If mode is supplied, say production then config looking order will be -

.webpack/webpack.config.production.* > .webpack/webpack.config.prod.* > webpack.config.production.* > webpack.config.prod.* > webpack.config.*

Common Options

Note that Command Line Interface has a higher precedence for the arguments you use it with than your configuration file. For instance, if you pass --mode="production" to webpack CLI and your configuration file uses development, production will be used.

List all of the commands and flags available on the cli

webpack --help

Show help for a single command or flag

webpack --help <command>
webpack --help --<flag>

Build source using a configuration file

Specifies a different configuration file to pick up. Use this if you want to specify something different from webpack.config.js, which is one of the default.

webpack --config example.config.js

Print result of webpack as a JSON

webpack --json

If you want to store stats as json instead of printing it, you can use -

webpack --json stats.json

In every other case, webpack prints out a set of stats showing bundle, chunk and timing details. Using this option, the output can be a JSON object. This response is accepted by webpack's analyse tool, or chrisbateman's webpack-visualizer, or th0r's webpack-bundle-analyzer. The analyse tool will take in the JSON and provide all the details of the build in graphical form.

Environment Options

When the webpack configuration exports a function, an "environment" may be passed to it.

webpack --env production    # sets env.production == true

The --env argument accepts multiple values:

Invocation	Resulting environment
Invocation Resulting environment webpack --env prod { prod: true }	{ prod: true }
Invocation Resulting environment webpack --env prod --env min { prod: true, min: true }	{ prod: true, min: true }

See the environment variables guide for more information on its usage.

Configuration Options

Parameter	Explanation	Input type	Default
Parameter Explanation Input type Default --config Path to the configuration file	Path to the configuration file	string	Default Configs
Parameter Explanation Input type Default --config-name Name of the configuration to use	Name of the configuration to use	string
Parameter Explanation Input type Default --env Environment passed to the configuration, when it is a function	Environment passed to the configuration, when it is a function
Parameter Explanation Input type Default --mode Mode to use	Mode to use	string	'production'

Analyzing Bundle

You can also use webpack-bundle-analyzer to analyze your output bundles emitted by webpack. You can use --analyze flag to invoke it via CLI.

webpack --analyze

Make sure you have webpack-bundle-analyzer installed in your project else CLI will prompt you to install it.

Pass CLI arguments to Node.js

To pass arguments directly to Node.js process, you can use the NODE_OPTIONS option.

For example, to increase the memory limit of Node.js process to 4 GB

NODE_OPTIONS="--max-old-space-size=4096" webpack

Also, you can pass multiple options to Node.js process

NODE_OPTIONS="--max-old-space-size=4096 -r /path/to/preload/file.js" webpack